Umwaka ushize wagaragaje ko ari coaster yukuri yo gusenya no kwiteza imbere, biganisha ku kwiyongera kw'imikoreshereze y’imashini za robo mu turere tumwe na tumwe ndetse no kugabanuka mu tundi turere, ariko iracyerekana ishusho y’uko iterambere rya robo rikomeza kwiyongera. .
Ibintu byagaragaje ko 2020 ari umwaka udasanzwe w’imivurungano kandi utoroshye, ntiwatewe gusa n’irimbuka ritigeze ribaho ry’icyorezo cya COVID-19 ndetse n’ingaruka zijyanye n’ubukungu, ariko nanone bitewe n’ikibazo kidashidikanywaho gikunze guherekeza imyaka y’amatora, kuko ibigo bikomeza guhumeka. ibyemezo bikomeye kugeza igihe ibidukikije bigomba gukemurwa mumyaka ine iri imbere bizagaragara neza.Kubwibyo, ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa ku iyakirwa rya robo na Automation World bwerekanye ko kubera gukenera gukomeza intera y’imibereho, kongera gushyigikira urwego rutanga, no kongera ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, inganda zimwe na zimwe zihagaze neza zateye imbere cyane muri robo, mu gihe abandi bemeza ko ishoramari ryahagaze kubera icyifuzo cyibicuruzwa byabo cyaragabanutse kandi inzira yabo yo gufata ibyemezo yarahagaritswe nubukungu bwa politiki nubukungu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ukurikije imbaraga zidahwitse zumwaka ushize, ubwumvikane rusange mubatanga robot-ibyinshi bikaba byemezwa mumibare yacu yubushakashatsi-ni uko umurima wabo uteganijwe gukomeza kwiyongera cyane, hamwe no gukoresha robo mugihe cya vuba It bigomba gukomeza kwihuta mugihe kizaza.
Kimwe na robo ikorana (cobots), robot zigendanwa nazo zishobora kwihutisha iterambere, kuko robot nyinshi zirenze porogaramu zihamye kuri sisitemu yimashini zoroshye.Igipimo cyo kwakirwa kugeza ubu mu babajijwe babajijwe, 44.9% by'ababajijwe bavuze ko muri iki gihe ibikoresho byabo byo guteranya no gukora imashini zikoresha robo mu bikorwa byabo.By'umwihariko, mubafite ama robo, 34.9% bakoresha robot ikorana (cobots), mugihe 65.1% basigaye bakoresha robot yinganda gusa.
Hano hari caveats.Abacuruzi ba robo babajijwe kuriyi ngingo bemeza ko ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bihuye nibyo babona muri rusange.Ariko, babonye ko kwakirwa mu nganda zimwe na zimwe bigaragara ko byateye imbere kurusha izindi.
Kurugero, cyane cyane mubikorwa byo gukora amamodoka, igipimo cyinjira muri robo ni kinini cyane, kandi automatisation yagezweho kera mbere yizindi nganda nyinshi.Mark Joppru, visi perezida w’ibikoresho by’imashini n’ibikorwa bya serivisi muri ABB, yavuze ko ibyo bitatewe gusa n’uko inganda z’imodoka zifite ubushobozi bwo gushora imari myinshi mu bikorwa, ariko nanone bitewe n’uburyo bukomeye kandi busanzwe bwo gukora ibinyabiziga, bishobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe tekinoroji ya robo.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kubwimpamvu imwe, gupakira nabyo byiyongereyeho automatisation, nubwo imashini nyinshi zipakira zijyana ibicuruzwa kumurongo zidahuye na robotike mumaso yabantu bamwe.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mumyaka yashize, amaboko ya robo yakoreshejwe cyane, rimwe na rimwe ku magare agendanwa, ku ntangiriro no kurangiza umurongo wo gupakira, aho bakora imirimo yo gutunganya ibintu nko gupakira, gupakurura, no gupakira.Ni muri izi porogaramu zikoreshwa niho iterambere ryiterambere rya robo ryapakiwe biteganijwe ko rizagera ku iterambere ryinshi.
Muri icyo gihe, amaduka mato atunganyirizwa hamwe n’abakora amasezerano - ibyo bivangavanze cyane, bike (HMLV) ibidukikije bikenera guhinduka cyane - biracyafite inzira ndende yo gukoresha robotike.Nkuko byatangajwe na Joe Campbell, umuyobozi mukuru wa porogaramu ishinzwe iterambere rya Universal Robots, iyi niyo soko nyamukuru yo gukurikira kwakirwa.Mubyukuri, Campbell yizera ko umubare rusange w'abana barera kugeza ubu ushobora no kuba munsi ya 44.9% dusanga mubushakashatsi bwacu, kuko yizera ko ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse (SMEs) bikorerwa na sosiyete ye birengagizwa byoroshye kandi ahanini biracyari ubucuruzi butagaragara. amashyirahamwe, ubushakashatsi bwinganda nandi makuru.
Ati: “Igice kinini cyisoko ntabwo gikoreshwa neza nabaturage bose.Tuzakomeza gushakisha byinshi kandi byinshi [SMEs] buri cyumweru, niba bihari, impamyabumenyi yabo iri hasi cyane.Ntibafite ama robo, iki rero ni ikibazo gikomeye ku karere kazamuka kazoza, ”Campbell.Ati: “Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe n’ishyirahamwe hamwe n’abandi bamamaji ntibushobora kugera kuri aba bantu.Ntabwo bitabira imurikagurisha.Sinzi umubare w'ibitabo byikora bareba, ariko aya masosiyete mato afite ubushobozi bwo gukura. ”
Gukora ibinyabiziga nimwe mu nganda zihagaritse, kandi mugihe cya COVID-19 icyorezo hamwe no gufunga bifitanye isano, icyifuzo cyaragabanutse cyane, bituma ikoreshwa rya robo ryihuta aho kwihuta.Ingaruka ya COVID-19 Nubwo abantu benshi bemeza ko COVID-19 izihutisha ikoreshwa rya robo, kimwe mubitangaje mu bushakashatsi bwacu ni uko 75,6% by'ababajijwe bavuze ko icyorezo kitabasunikira kugura ama robo mashya muri bo ibikoresho.Byongeye kandi, 80% byabantu bazanye ama robo mugusubiza icyorezo baguze bitanu cyangwa munsi yayo.
Birumvikana ko, nkuko bamwe mubacuruzi babigaragaje, ibyo byagaragaye ntabwo bivuze ko COVID-19 yagize ingaruka mbi rwose ku ikoreshwa rya robo.Ibinyuranye na byo, ibi birashobora gusobanura ko urugero icyorezo cyihuta cya robo gitandukana cyane ninganda zitandukanye.Rimwe na rimwe, abayikora baguze ama robo mashya muri 2020, ashobora kuba asubiza ibindi bintu bifitanye isano itaziguye na COVID-19, nko gukenera kwiyongera kw'ibisabwa cyangwa kwinjiza inganda zihagaritse vuba vuba ku bakozi.Guhagarika urunigi bihatira gusubira inyuma kumurima.
Kurugero, Scott Marsic, umuyobozi mukuru wumushinga muri Epson Robotics, yerekanye ko isosiyete ye imaze kwiyongera kubikoresho bikingira umuntu (PPE) mugihe hakenewe ibikoresho bikingira umuntu (PPE).Marsic yashimangiye ko inyungu nyamukuru za robo muri izo nganda zibanze ku kongera umusaruro, aho gukoresha robo mu gutandukanya umusaruro kugira ngo abantu bagere ku mibereho.Muri icyo gihe, nubwo inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zageze ku buryo bworoshye kandi ni isoko isanzwe yo kugura robot nshya, kuzibira byagabanije ubwikorezi ku buryo bugaragara, bityo ibyifuzo biragabanuka.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ayo masosiyete yazigamye amafaranga menshi yakoreshejwe.
Ati: “Mu mezi 10 ashize, imodoka yanjye yagenze ibirometero 2000.Ntabwo nahinduye amavuta cyangwa amapine mashya, ”Marsic.“Icyifuzo cyanjye cyaragabanutse.Niba urebye inganda zikora amamodoka, bazakurikiza.Niba nta bisabwa byimodoka, ntibazashora mumashanyarazi menshi.Ku rundi ruhande, iyo urebye ibyifuzo bigenda byiyongera Mu bice nk'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, imiti, ndetse n'ibipfunyika abaguzi, bazabona [kwiyongera], kandi aha niho hacururizwa za robo. ”
Melonee Wise, umuyobozi mukuru wa Fetch Robotics, yavuze ko kubera impamvu nk'izo, habayeho kwiyongera kw'imashini za robo mu bikoresho no mu bubiko.Mugihe abakiriya benshi murugo batumiza ibicuruzwa bitandukanye kumurongo, ibyifuzo byiyongereye.
Ku nsanganyamatsiko yo gukoresha ama robo mu kure y’imibereho, igisubizo rusange cy’ababajijwe cyari gifite intege nke, aho 16.2% by’ababajijwe bavuze ko iki ari cyo cyatumye bafata icyemezo cyo kugura robot nshya.Impamvu zikomeye zigaragara zo kugura ama robo zirimo kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo ku kigero cya 62.2%, kongera umusaruro wa 54.1%, no gukemura ikibazo cyabakozi batageze kuri 37.8%.
Bifitanye isano nibi nuko mubaguze ama robo basubiza COVID-19, 45% bavuze ko baguze ama robo akorana, mugihe 55% basigaye bahitamo ama robo yinganda.Kubera ko imashini ikorana na robo ikunze gufatwa nkigisubizo cyiza cya robo mugutandukanya imibereho kuko bashoboye gukorana neza nabantu mugihe bagerageza gutandukanya imirongo cyangwa ibice byakazi, barashobora kuba bafite munsi yikigereranyo cyo kwakirwa mubantu bitabira icyorezo Birashimangirwa kandi ko impungenge zijyanye nigiciro cyakazi no kuboneka, ubuziranenge nibisohoka ni byinshi.
Amahugurwa mato mato hamwe nabakora mumasezerano muruvange rwinshi, umwanya muto urashobora kwerekana imipaka ikurikiraho muri robotike, cyane cyane ikorana na robo (cobots) izwi cyane kubera guhinduka kwayo.Guteganya ibizakurikiraho Urebye imbere, ibiteganijwe kubatanga robot birababaje.Benshi bemeza ko uko amatora arangiye no gutanga inkingo za COVID-19 byiyongera, inganda aho imvururu z’isoko zadindije ikoreshwa rya robo zizongera gukenerwa cyane.Muri icyo gihe, izo nganda zabonye iterambere ziteganijwe gutera imbere ku buryo bwihuse.
Nkibishobora kuba umuburo utegerejwe nabatanga isoko, ibisubizo byubushakashatsi biragereranijwe gato, hamwe na kimwe cya kane cyababajijwe bavuga ko bateganya kongeramo robot umwaka utaha.Muri aba babajijwe, 56.5% barateganya kugura ama robo akorana, naho 43.5% barateganya kugura ama robo yinganda.
Ariko, abatanga isoko bamwe bavuze ko ibyateganijwe hasi cyane mubisubizo byubushakashatsi bishobora kuyobya.Kurugero, Bwenge yizera ko kubera ko kwishyiriraho sisitemu gakondo ya robo isanzwe rimwe na rimwe bifata igihe kingana n amezi 9-15, ababajijwe benshi bavuze ko badateganya kongeramo izindi robo umwaka utaha bashobora kuba bafite imishinga ikomeje.Byongeye kandi, Joppru yerekanye ko nubwo 23% byababajijwe gusa bateganya kongera robo, abantu bamwe bashobora kwiyongera cyane, bivuze ko iterambere rusange ryinganda rishobora kwiyongera cyane.
Ku bijyanye n’ibintu bituma igura rya robo zihariye, 52.8% bavuze ko koroshya imikoreshereze, 52,6% bavuze ko ibikoresho bya robotic end end ibikoresho, naho 38.5% bonyine ni bo bashishikajwe n’imikoranire yihariye.Igisubizo gisa nkicyerekana ko guhinduka, kuruta ibikorwa byumutekano bikorana ubwabyo, bigenda byiyongera kubakoresha amaherezo ya robo ikorana.
Ibi biragaragara rwose mubice bya HMLV.Ku ruhande rumwe, ababikora bagomba guhangana ningorane zumushahara munini hamwe nubuke bwakazi.Kurundi ruhande, ibicuruzwa ubuzima buzunguruka ni bigufi, bisaba guhinduka byihuse no kongera umusaruro.Doug Burnside, umuyobozi wungirije wa Yaskawa-Motoman ushinzwe kugurisha no kwamamaza muri Amerika ya Ruguru, yagaragaje ko gukoresha imirimo y'amaboko kugira ngo uhangane na paradox yo guhinduka byihuse mu byukuri biroroshye kuko abantu basanzwe bahuza n'imiterere.Gusa iyo automatike yatangijwe iyi nzira izarushaho kuba ingorabahizi.Ariko, kongera ubworoherane muguhuza icyerekezo, ubwenge bwubukorikori, hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye kandi bigizwe nibikoresho bishobora gufasha gutsinda ibyo bibazo.
Ahandi hantu, ama robo arashobora kwerekana akamaro mubice bimwe, ariko akaba ataratangira kuyakoresha.Nk’uko Joppru abitangaza ngo ABB imaze kugirana ibiganiro byambere n’inganda za peteroli na gaze ku bijyanye no kwinjiza robo nshya mu bikorwa byabo, nubwo gushyira mu bikorwa iyi mishinga bishobora gutwara imyaka myinshi.
Ati: “Mu rwego rwa peteroli na gaze, haracyari inzira nyinshi zikoreshwa mu ntoki.Abantu batatu bafata umuyoboro, hanyuma bakazunguruka, bagafata umuyoboro mushya, bakawuhuza kugirango bashobore gucukura indi metero 20., ”Joppru ati.Ati: “Turashobora gukoresha amaboko ya robo kugira ngo dukoreshe, kugira ngo dukureho imirimo irambiranye, yanduye kandi iteje akaga?Uru ni urugero.Twaganiriye nabakiriya ko aha ari agace gashya kinjira muri robo, kandi ntiturabasha kugikurikirana.”
Hamwe nibitekerezo, nubwo amahugurwa atunganyirizwa, abakora amasezerano, hamwe ninganda nto n'iziciriritse zuzuye za robo nkabakora ibinyabiziga binini, haracyari ibyumba byinshi byo kwaguka mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-27-2021
